Solidly documented for seven generations back to colonial Virginia and Essex, England.
Charles Bullock
1740 – 1826
b. Sussex Co., VA • d. Robeson Co., NC — provided militia aid in the Revolution
⭐ REVOLUTIONARY WAR PATRIOT — DAR #A016861 (same-person confirmation pending)
m. Elizabeth Johnston (1745–1826; her parents John Johnston & Rebecca Woodhouse of Onslow Co., NC — dead end)
Jeremiah Bullock
c. 1716 – 1758
Surry County, Virginia
m. Amy Felts (1710–1765; her father Thomas Felts — dead end)
Richard Bullock
c. 1661 – c. 1753
Virginia
m. Katherine (surname unknown)
Richard Henry Bullock
c. 1641 – 1703
Warwick, Virginia
m. Dorothy Glover (c. 1645 – c. 1661)
Robert Bullock
c. 1620 – 1672
Warwick, Virginia
m. Martha Butler (c. 1629 – c. 1693)
William Bullock
c. 1599 – 1650
Essex, England — author of Virginia Impartially Examined (1649)
m. Elizabeth Lamply (c. 1599 – c. 1678)
Capt. Hugh Bullock
c. 1568 – 1650
London / York Co., Virginia — Virginia Council 1631, 2,550-acre grant
m. Mary Alice Nashe (1574–1659)
William Bullock of Arborfield
c. 1515 – 1595
Arborfield, Berkshire, England
m. Elizabeth Ballett (c. 1515–1584, Moreton, Cheshire)
Thomas Bullock
c. 1487 – 1558
Arborfield, Berkshire, England
m. Alice Kingsmill (c. 1490 – bef. 1556, Hampshire)
Gilbert Bullock
c. 1434 – bef. 1514
Berkshire, England
m. Margaret Norreys (c. 1465 – c. 1512)
⑂ BP-P6 · NORREYS–DE VERE — Margaret Norreys's ancestry opens the de Vere chain (see “Branch Point P6”)
Robert Bullock
c. 1400 – aft. 1478
England
m. Eleanor (b. 1409)
oldest Bullock-name generation
Margaret Norreys's mother was a daughter of the Earl of Oxford, opening one of the best-documented noble lines in English history. Source upgrade (Aug 2026): the critical Margaret Norreys–Gilbert Bullock marriage is independently confirmed by Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry (2011) — "Margaret Norreys married Gilbert Bullock, esquire, of Arborfield and Barkham, Berkshire" — a scholarly source beyond WikiTree. An adversarial re-check of all eight load-bearing links in the medieval chains (Aug 2026) confirmed every one.
Margaret Norreys
c. 1465 – c. 1512
Berkshire, England — m. Gilbert Bullock (above)
Sir William Norris
1441 – c. 1507
Yattendon, Berkshire, England
m. Joan de Vere (c. 1440 – bef. 1472)
John de Vere, 12th Earl of Oxford
1408 – 1462
Hedingham Castle, Essex — executed 1462 for Lancastrian loyalty
m. Elizabeth Howard
Richard de Vere, 11th Earl of Oxford
1385 – 1417
Essex — commander at Agincourt (1415)
m. Alice Sergeaux (c. 1386 – 1452)
⑂ BP-P7 · SERGEAUX–PLANTAGENET — Alice Sergeaux's ancestry opens the Plantagenet Gateway to Edward I (see “Branch Point P7”)
Aubrey de Vere, 10th Earl of Oxford
c. 1338 – 1400
Essex — restored to the earldom 1393
m. Alice Fitzwalter
John de Vere, 7th Earl of Oxford
1312 – 1360
Essex — commander at Crécy (1346) and Poitiers (1356)
m. Maud de Badlesmere (c. 1310 – 1366)
⑂ BP-P8 · BADLESMERE–IRELAND — Maud de Badlesmere's ancestry opens the Irish Royal Line (see “Branch Point P8”)
Sir Alphonse de Vere
c. 1266 – c. 1328
England — never an earl; the blood link between the 5th and 7th Earls
m. Jane Foliot
Robert de Vere, 5th Earl of Oxford
c. 1240 – 1296
Essex — fought for Simon de Montfort at Lewes (1264)
m. Alice de Sanford
Hugh de Vere, 4th Earl of Oxford
c. 1210 – 1263
Essex — hereditary Great Chamberlain of England, an office the de Veres held for centuries
m. Hawise de Quincy, daughter of the Earl of Winchester
⑂ BP-P9 · QUINCY–CHARLEMAGNE — Hawise de Quincy's ancestry opens the Charlemagne Gateway (see “Branch Point P9”)
Robert de Vere, 3rd Earl of Oxford
aft. 1164 – 1221
Essex — Magna Carta surety baron (1215)
m. Isabel de Bolebec
Aubrey de Vere, 1st Earl of Oxford
c. 1115 – 1194
Essex — created Earl of Oxford by Empress Matilda, c. 1141
m. Agnes of Essex
Aubrey de Vere II
c. 1080 – 1141
England — Lord Great Chamberlain; Sheriff of London; slain by a London mob, 1141
m. Adeliza de Clare
Aubrey de Vere I
c. 1040 – c. 1112
Normandy → England — "Aubrey the Chamberlain," Domesday Book (1086) tenant-in-chief with estates in nine counties, under William the Conqueror
m. Beatrice
RECORDS END HERE — the oldest documented ancestor in the tree
Beyond Aubrey de Vere I (c. 1040), the de Vere male line ends: his father is named only in a source written four centuries later.
Verified generation-by-generation (Aug 2026). Hawise's mother was Margaret de Beaumont of the Earls of Leicester, whose line runs through Isabel de Vermandois to the Carolingian Counts of Vermandois — the conventionally accepted, best-documented descent from Charlemagne. Most recent first:
Hawise de Quincy
13th century
Countess of Oxford — m. Hugh de Vere, 4th Earl of Oxford (the branch point above)
Margaret de Beaumont
c. 1155 – 1235
Leicester, England — co-heiress of the earldom of Leicester after her brother’s death (1204)
m. Saer de Quincy, 1st Earl of Winchester (c. 1170 – 1219) — Magna Carta surety baron
Robert de Beaumont, “Blanchemains,” 3rd Earl of Leicester
d. 1190
Leicester — died on crusade
m. Petronilla de Grandmesnil
Robert de Beaumont, “le Bossu,” 2nd Earl of Leicester
1104 – 1168
Leicester — Justiciar of England
m. Amice de Gael
Isabel de Vermandois
c. 1085 – 1131
France → England
m. (1096) Robert de Beaumont, Count of Meulan, 1st Earl of Leicester (c. 1046 – 1118)
Adelaide, Countess of Vermandois
d. 1120
Vermandois, France — “the last landed ruler of the Carolingian dynasty”
m. Hugh “Magnus” of Vermandois (1057–1101), son of King Henry I of France and Anne of Kiev
⑂ BP-P11 · CAPET–KIEV — Hugh Magnus's parents open two further lines: the Capetian kings of France (to Hugh Capet, c. 941–996) and, via Anne of Kiev, the rulers of Kievan Rus (to Igor of Kiev, d. c. 945, attested 944; the Rurik link beyond is semi-legendary)
Herbert IV, Count of Vermandois
1028 – 1080
Vermandois, France
m. Adele of Valois
Otto, Count of Vermandois
979 – 1045
Vermandois, France
Herbert III, Count of Vermandois
c. 953 – c. 1015
Vermandois, France — his tenure spanned the fall of the Carolingian monarchy (987); his family outlasted the royal line itself
Adalbert I, Count of Vermandois
succeeded 946, d. c. 987
Vermandois, France — called “the Pious”
Herbert II, Count of Vermandois
d. 943
Vermandois, France — held King Charles the Simple captive
Herbert I, Count of Vermandois
c. 848 – 907
Vermandois, France — assassinated c. 907
The one inferred link in this chain — no contemporary document names his father, but the link is accepted as near-certain by modern specialists (Settipani, Keats-Rohan)
Pepin, Count of Vermandois
817 – c. 850
Vermandois / Péronne, France — great-grandson of Charlemagne, holding lands at Péronne and Saint-Quentin
Bernard, King of Italy
797 – 818
Italy — rebelled against his uncle Emperor Louis the Pious, was blinded on Louis's orders, and died of his wounds at 21; illegitimate, but biological descent documented and undisputed
Pepin, King of Italy
777 – 810
Italy — third son of Charlemagne by Queen Hildegard
CHARLEMAGNE
748 – 814
King of the Franks; crowned Emperor of the Romans, Rome, Christmas Day 800
Son of Pepin the Short and Bertrada of Laon (whose own line — Charibert of Laon, Bertrada of Prüm — stops in the late 600s)
Pepin the Short, King of the Franks
714 – 768
First Carolingian king (751) — the first Frankish king anointed by a Pope, sealing the church-crown alliance that shaped medieval Europe
Son of Charles Martel and Rotrude, his first wife
Charles Martel, “The Hammer”
c. 688 – 741
Mayor of the Palace, de facto ruler of Francia — victor of the Battle of Tours (732)
Son of Pepin of Herstal and Alpaida (mistress or second wife — the “illegitimacy” label was political spin; biological paternity undoubted)
Pepin of Herstal
c. 635 – 714
Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia, Duke of the Franks
Son of Ansegisel and Begga — attested in the near-contemporary Vita Sanctae Geretrudis (c. 670)
Ansegisel & Begga
7th century
Austrasia (Frankish kingdom) — the marriage that joined the two founding families of the Carolingian dynasty
⑂ FINAL FORK (end of BP-P9 · Quincy–Charlemagne line) — Ansegisel's father and Begga's father, below, are the two oldest documented people in the tree
St. Arnulf of Metz
c. 582 – c. 640/645
Bishop of Metz, Frankish magnate — later canonized
Weakest accepted link in the chain: his fatherhood of Ansegisel is stated in 8th-century Carolingian sources (~150 years after the fact), not contemporary ones — accepted as probable by mainstream historians.
RECORDS END (paternal side, c. 582) — his own parentage is pure conjecture: the Arnoald/Bodegisel names are medieval fabrication, and the “Ferreolus” route to Roman senators is modern speculation, not documentation
Pepin of Landen, “the Elder”
c. 580 – 640
Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia — contemporarily attested in the Chronicle of Fredegar; father of Begga
DEEPEST RELIABLY DOCUMENTED ANCESTOR IN THE ENTIRE TREE (c. 580 AD). Fredegar names his father only as “Carloman” — a bare name with nothing else known. Beyond this point, documented history genuinely ends.
✓ END OF DOCUMENTED HISTORY ON THE CAROLINGIAN LINE (BP-P9 Quincy–Charlemagne) — and the deepest documented point in the entire tree (c. 580 AD)📜 BELOW, THIS PANEL ONLY: the FRANKISH TROJAN LEGEND — the origin myth the Franks told, written down by the same Fredegar who attests Pepin of Landen
The Frankish Trojan legend — to King Priam of Troy
7th–8th-century legend
Fredegar (7th c.) and the Liber Historiae Francorum (727) claim the Franks descend from refugees of the Trojan War: the line of King Priam of Troy, through a king Friga, to Francio, the eponymous king from whom the Franks take their name — wandering via Sicambria on the Sea of Azov to the Rhine, down to the first Frankish kings (Pharamond). Modeled on Virgil's Trojan origin of Rome. Scholarly verdict: pure learned origin legend — as Patrick Geary puts it, proof the Franks "knew little about their background." But it is the legend Charlemagne's own ancestors told about themselves.
A biologically documented descent from King Edward I — through a marriage annulled in 1344, which made one ancestor canonically illegitimate but leaves the blood line intact (Complete Peerage). Most recent first:
Alice Sergeaux
c. 1386 – 1452
Colquite, Cornwall — m. Richard de Vere, 11th Earl of Oxford (the branch point above); mother of the 12th Earl
Philippa Arundel
14th century
England — co-heiress of her father Sir Edmund Arundel
m. Sir Richard Sergeaux of Colquite, Cornwall
Sir Edmund Arundel
c. 1327 – c. 1382
England — retroactively illegitimated when his parents' marriage was annulled (1344); biological descent well documented
Isabel Despenser
c. 1312 – aft. 1356
England — her father Hugh Despenser the Younger, Edward II’s notorious favorite, was executed in 1326
m. (1321) Richard FitzAlan, Earl of Arundel (“Copped Hat”) — marriage annulled 1344
Eleanor de Clare
1292 – 1337
England — granddaughter of Edward I
m. Hugh Despenser the Younger (executed 1326)
Joan of Acre
1272 – 1307
b. Acre, Holy Land, during the Ninth Crusade
m. Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester (“the Red Earl”)
EDWARD I “Longshanks,” King of England
1239 – 1307
Westminster — reigned 1272–1307
m. Eleanor of Castile (1241–1290), whose Iberian royal ancestry is documented to Sancho Garcés I of Navarre (r. 905–925) and, on softer retrospective chronicles, toward Peter of Cantabria (c. 730); her mother Joan of Dammartin adds yet another royal descent — via Marie of Ponthieu and Alys of France to King Louis VII of France
⑂ BP-P10 · WESSEX — continuing directly below: Edward I's own royal ancestry, through the Plantagenet kings (Henry III, John, Henry II) into the Anglo-Saxon House of Wessex, to Alfred the Great and Ecgberht
Henry III, King of England
1207 – 1272
reigned 1216–1272 — the longest reign of medieval England; rebuilt Westminster Abbey as we know it
m. Eleanor of Provence (c. 1223–1291) — her line opens the House of Barcelona (Wilfred the Hairy, d. 897 in battle; documented to Sunifred I, early 800s) and the House of Savoy (to Humbert “the White-Handed,” d. c. 1047 — a hard stop; his origins are obscure)
John, King of England
1166 – 1216
sealed Magna Carta, 1215
m. Isabella of Angoulême (c. 1186–1246) — carries a second, fully documented Capetian royal descent: her mother Alice de Courtenay was a granddaughter of King Louis VI of France (verified; merges with the Capetian line at BP-P11)
Henry II, King of England
1133 – 1189
first Plantagenet king — ruled an empire from Scotland to the Pyrenees
m. Eleanor of Aquitaine (c. 1122–1204), Queen of both France and England and the most powerful woman in 12th-century Europe — a direct ancestor; her own Aquitaine ducal line (incl. William IX “the Troubadour,” the first troubadour poet with surviving songs) is documented to Gerard, Count of Auvergne (d. 841)
Empress Matilda
1102 – 1167
Holy Roman Empress, claimant to the English throne ("the Anarchy") — famously escaped besieged Oxford Castle across the frozen Thames, camouflaged in a white cloak against the snow
Daughter of Henry I of England — whose father was William the Conqueror, with the Norman ducal line documented to Rollo the Viking (d. 928×933), historical but of legendary parentage
Matilda of Scotland
c. 1080 – 1118
Queen of England, m. Henry I — “Good Queen Maud,” famed for personally tending the sick and poor
Her father Malcolm III of Scotland opens the Scottish royal line: Duncan I (killed in battle by Macbeth, 1040 — the real event behind Shakespeare) ← Crínán of Dunkeld m. Bethóc, daughter of Malcolm II ← the Alpin kings (Kenneth II ← Malcolm I ← Donald II ← Constantine I) to KENNETH MacALPIN (d. 858), first King of Scots — documented terminus. Beyond his father Alpín, the pedigree to Fergus Mór of Dál Riata is legend, composed under Malcolm III himself.
St. Margaret of Scotland
c. 1045 – 1093
Queen of Scots, m. Malcolm III — canonized 1250
Edward the Exile
1016 – 1057
raised in exile in Kiev and Hungary
Edmund II “Ironside,” King of England
d. 1016
fought five pitched battles against Cnut the Great in a single year
Æthelred II “the Unready,” King of England
c. 966 – 1016
“Unready” is a pun — Old English unræd, “ill-counseled,” mocking his name Æthelred, “noble counsel”
Edgar “the Peaceful,” King of England
c. 943 – 975
his 973 coronation at Bath is the template for every English coronation since — including 2023
Edmund I, King of England
c. 921 – 946
“the Magnificent” — stabbed to death at a feast at Pucklechurch, about age 25
Edward the Elder, King of the Anglo-Saxons
d. 924
with his sister Æthelflæd, “Lady of the Mercians,” reconquered the Danelaw from the Vikings
ALFRED THE GREAT, King of Wessex
849 – 899
the only English king called “the Great” — every link from here up to Edward I is contemporary-documented (charters, Asser's Life of 893, the Chronicle)
Æthelwulf, King of Wessex
d. 858
took the young Alfred on pilgrimage to Rome (855)
Ecgberht, King of Wessex
d. 839
his victory at Ellendun (825) broke Mercian supremacy and made Wessex the leading English kingdom
HARD DOCUMENTED FLOOR of the Wessex route
Ealhmund of Kent
attested 784
named as King of Kent in a genuine charter of 784 (S 38)
Probable, not proven: the Ecgberht←Ealhmund link rests on the Chronicle a century later.
✓ END OF DOCUMENTED HISTORY ON THE WESSEX LINE (BP-P7 Sergeaux → BP-P10 Wessex) — every generation above in this chain is documented📜 BELOW, THIS PANEL ONLY: the WESSEX LEGEND — the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle's year-855 pedigree (9th-century construction). Other branch points' documented chains continue elsewhere in this chart.
The line to Cerdic, founder of Wessex
claimed 5th–8th centuries
Ealhmund ← Eafa ← Eoppa ← Ingild (d. 718, brother of King Ine of Wessex) ← Cenred ← Ceolwald ← Cuthwulf ← Cuthwine ← Ceawlin ← Cynric ← Cerdic — who the Chronicle says "landed in 495 with five ships" and began to reign 519. Cerdic may have a historical kernel; the chain to him is a late-9th-century construction (Sisam: partly borrowed from a Bernician pedigree).
The line to WODEN (the god Odin)
pure myth
Cerdic ← Elesa ← Esla ← Gewis (eponym of the Gewisse) ← Wig ← Freawine ← Frithugar ← Brond ← Bældæg ← WODEN — the Germanic god, euhemerized into a royal ancestor, as nearly every Anglo-Saxon royal house claimed.
Beyond Woden — to Noah and Adam
the biblical splice
Woden ← Frealaf ← Frithuwulf ← Finn ← Godwulf ← Geat ← Tætwa ← Beaw ← Sceldwea (Scyld of Beowulf fame) ← Heremod ← Itermon ← Hathra ← Hwala ← Bedwig ← Sceaf, whom the Chronicle calls a son of Noah "born in Noah's Ark" ← NOAH ← the Genesis patriarchs ← ADAM. The 855 annalist stitched the pagan pedigree onto the Bible — the medieval way of taking every ancestry to the beginning of the world.
Every link verified (Aug 2026) — one of the best-documented descents in medieval Europe. Most recent first:
Maud de Badlesmere
c. 1310 – 1366
England — m. John de Vere, 7th Earl of Oxford (the branch point above)
Margaret de Clare
b. c. 1287
of the Thomond branch
m. Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Baron Badlesmere (executed 1322)
Thomas de Clare, Lord of Thomond
d. 1287
Ireland
m. Juliana FitzGerald
Richard de Clare, 6th Earl of Gloucester
1222 – 1262
England — head of the great de Clare house, whose male line runs back to Richard fitz Gilbert, companion of William the Conqueror
Isabel Marshal
1200 – 1240
England
Daughter of William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke (d. 1219) — “the greatest knight that ever lived” — and Isabel de Clare
Isabel de Clare, Countess of Pembroke
c. 1172 – 1220
Ireland/Wales
Daughter of Richard “Strongbow” de Clare and Aoife of Leinster (m. Waterford, Aug 1170)
Aoife of Leinster (“Eva of Leinster”)
c. 1145 – c. 1188
Ireland
DIARMAIT MAC MURCHADA, King of Leinster
c. 1110 – 1 May 1171
Ireland — whose appeal to Henry II triggered the Norman invasion of Ireland (annal obit, AFM 1171)
Donnchadh mac Murchada, King of Leinster and Dublin
killed 8 Dec 1115
fell in battle against the Dublin Norse (Annals of Ulster 1115)
Murchad mac Diarmata
d. 1070
ruled Dublin and the Isles under his father; contemporary verse elegy + annal obit
⑂ BP-P12 · BORU — Murchad's mother Derbforgaill opens the Brian Boru line (see “Branch Point P12”)
Diarmait mac Máel na mBó, King of Leinster
d. 7 Feb 1072, battle of Odba
High King of Ireland "with opposition" (AFM)
m. Derbforgaill ingen Donnchada (d. 1080, annal obit) — granddaughter of Brian Boru
Donnchad “Máel na mBó,” King of Uí Cheinnselaig
d. 1006
south Leinster — his epithet became the family’s dynastic name
Diarmait mac Domnaill, King of Uí Cheinnselaig
d. 996
annal obit — previously listed here only as “Diarmait (obscure),” now identified
Domnall mac Cellaig, King of Uí Cheinnselaig
d. 974
ruled the Uí Cheinnselaig of south Leinster from their royal seat at Ferns
Cellach mac Cináeda, King of Uí Cheinnselaig
d. 947
annal obit
Cináed mac Cairpri, King of Uí Cheinnselaig
d. 935
Annals of Ulster obit; cross-checked against the Book of Leinster king list
TERMINUS of the documented Irish male line (d. 935). His father “Cairpre” survives only as a patronymic — no obit. Note: for every pre-1000 link, the annals prove each king lived, reigned, and died on the stated date; the father-son links rest on patronymics plus the Leinster genealogies — the normal, generally accepted standard for this era.
✓ END OF DOCUMENTED HISTORY ON THE LEINSTER LINE (BP-P8 Badlesmere–Ireland) — every generation above in this chain is annal-attested📜 BELOW, THIS PANEL ONLY: the LEINSTER LEGEND — the medieval Irish tracts' claimed pedigree (Rawlinson B502, Book of Leinster). Other branch points' documented chains continue elsewhere in this chart.
Énna Cennselach, eponym of the dynasty
claimed 5th century
The tracts bridge the ~300 annalistically-invisible years from Cairpre back to Énna Cennselach, the legendary warlord-king from whom the Uí Cheinnselaig ("descendants of Cennselach") take their name.
Cathair Mór, legendary High King of Ireland
claimed 2nd century
Legendary King of Leinster and High King (the Four Masters place him 119–122 AD; the Lebor Gabála synchronizes his reign with Marcus Aurelius), famed for his "thirty sons" from whom the Leinster dynasties claim descent — reached through the legendary Laigin kings including Labraid Loingsech.
Érimón, son of Míl Espáine ("Milesius of Spain")
the Milesian legend
The tracts carry Cathair Mór's line to Érimón, one of the sons of Míl Espáine, the legendary Gaelic conqueror of Ireland from Iberia — the founding myth of all Gaelic royal ancestry (Lebor Gabála Érenn, "The Book of Invasions").
Goídel Glas — and on to Noah and Adam
the biblical splice
Behind Míl the scheme runs to Goídel Glas, eponym of the Gaels — grandson of Fénius Farsaid and son of Scota, daughter of Pharaoh, credited with creating the Gaelic language at the Tower of Babel — and thence via Japheth to NOAH and ADAM. Scholarly verdict: "mostly an invention of medieval Irish Christian writers, who sought to link the Irish to people and events from the Old Testament."
Derbforgaill's marriage and 1080 death are annal-attested ("daughter of Donnchad son of Brian"); that she was Murchad's mother (rather than a later wife of his father) rests on the Banshenchas genealogical tradition — chronologically sound and probable, but one grade below the male-line chain. Most recent first:
Derbforgaill ingen Donnchada
d. 1080
Ireland — annal obit as “daughter of Donnchad son of Brian”; wife of Diarmait mac Máel na mBó
Donnchad mac Briain, King of Munster
d. 1064
died on pilgrimage in Rome — annal-attested
BRIAN BORU, High King of Ireland
941 – 23 Apr 1014
killed at the Battle of Clontarf (Annals of Ulster) — the most famous High King in Irish history
Cennétig mac Lorcáin, King of Thomond
d. 951
annal-attested (AU: “rí Tuathmuman”; Chronicon Scotorum: “king of Dál Cais”)
TERMINUS of the documented Brian Boru line (d. 951)
✓ END OF DOCUMENTED HISTORY ON THE BORU LINE (BP-P12 Boru) — every generation above in this chain is annal-attested📜 BELOW, THIS PANEL ONLY: the DÁL gCAIS LEGEND — the dynasty's own claimed pedigree, a 10th-century political fabrication
The Dál gCais claim — to Cormac Cas and the Milesian scheme
10th-century propaganda
Cennétig ← Lorcán ← Lachtna ← … ← Cas (the eponym) ← … ← Cormac Cas, claimed second son of Ailill Aulom, legendary king of Munster — making Brian Boru's people brothers-in-blood of the ancient Eóganachta kings — and thence via Éber, son of Míl Espáine, into the same Milesian scheme running to Noah and Adam (see the Leinster panel above). Scholarly verdict: a "politically motivated fabrication" — the Dál gCais were really the Déisi Tuisceart, re-pedigreed when they rose to power.
Also reviewed (Aug 2026): Alice FitzWalter (10th Earl's wife) opens a Clare cadet line toward the Dukes of Normandy; Elizabeth Howard (12th Earl's wife), despite the Norfolk name, has no royal descent — a common tree-building error, flagged.